Short Communication: Studying the Role of Smart Flare Gold Nano Particles in Studying Micro RNA and Oncogene Differential Expression in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

• Hirendra Banerjee

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Jamel Joyner

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Monet Stevenson

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• William Kahan

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Christopher Krauss

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Sasha Hodges

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Eduardo Santos

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Myla Worthington

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Jeffferey Rousch

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Gloria Payne

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Vinod Manglik

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Narendra Banerjee

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Brianna Morris

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Dayton Bell

  Department of Natural, Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Elizabeth City State University Campus of University of North Carolina, Elizabeth City, NC, USA

• Santosh Mandal

  Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA

 Nano technology is a cutting edge science which is now effectively used in the field of cancer biology. Smart Flare gold nanoparticles are now used often for differential gene expression analysis. In this manuscript we are reporting the use of micro RNA miR 146a and onco gene EZH2 Smart Flare probes to study their expression in different prostate cancer cell lines and the effect of novel Rhenium compounds on these genes using a flow cytometer and a Fluorescence microscope. Our results showed this novel nanotechnology can be effectively used in cancer biology to successfully detect the effect of novel drugs on oncogenes and could be a very useful tool for next generation of cancer researchers.

Liu Z, Xiao B, Tang B, Li B, Li N, Zhu E, et al. Up-regulated microRNA-146a negatively modulate Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammatory response in human gastric epithelial cells. Microbes Infect 2010; 12(11): 854-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2010.06.002

Sonkoly E, Stahle M, Pivarcsi A. MicroRNAs and immunity: novel players in the regulation of normal immune function and inflammation. Semin Cancer Biol 2008; 18(2): 131-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.01.005

Williams AE, Perry MM, Moschos SA, Larner-Svensson HM, Lindsay MA. Role of miRNA-146a in the regulation of the innate immune response and cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2008; 36(6): 1211-15. https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0361211

Philippidou D, Schmitt M, Moser D, Margue C, Nazarov PV, Muller A, et al. Signatures of microRNAs and selected microRNA target genes in human melanoma. Cancer Res 2010; 70(10): 4163-73. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-4512

Zhong H, Wang HR, Yang S, Zhong JH, Wang T, Wang C, et al. Targeting Smad4 linksmicroRNA-146a to the TGF-beta pathway during retinoid acid induction in acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line. Int J Hematol 2010; 92(1): 129-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-010-0626-5

Wang LH, Kim SH, Lee JH, Choi YL, Kim YC, Park TS, et al. Inactivation of SMAD4 tumor suppressor gene during gastric carcinoma progression. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13(1): 102-10. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1467

He H, Jazdzewski K, Li W, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Volinia S, et al. The role of microRNA genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102(52): 19075-80. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509603102

Mbagu MK, Kebulu DN, Winstead A, Pramanik SK, Banerjee HN, Iwunze MO, et al. Fac-tricarbonyl(pentylcarbonato)(α-diimine)rhenium complexes: One-pot synthesis, characterization, fluorescence studies, and cytotoxic activity against human MDA-MB-231 breast, CCl-227 colon and BxPC-3 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Inorg Chem Commun 2012; 21: 35-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2012.04.004

Brown DA, Kimari DM, Duzs-Moore AM, Budzichowski TA, Ho DM, Mandal SK. Reactions of dirhenium heptoxide with manganese(I) and rhenium(I) hydrido, alkoxo, methylcarbonato, carbonato-bridged, and methoxymethyl complexes. The X-ray structures of fac- (CO)3(dppp)MnOReO3 and fac-(CO)3(dppp)ReOReO3. J Organomet Chem 2002; 658(1-2): 88-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(02)01632-7

Wang X, Tang S, Le S-Y, Lu R, Rader JS, Meyers C, et al. Aberrant expression of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs in cervical cancer is required for cancer cell growth. PLoS One

Volinia S, Calin GA, Liu C-G, Ambs S, Cimmino A, Petrocca F, et al. A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103(7): 2257-61. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0510565103

Lin SL, Chiang A, Chang D, Ying SY. Loss of mir-146a function in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. RNA 2008; 14(3): 417-24. https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.874808

Jazdzewski K, Murray EL, Franssila K, Jarzab B, Schoenberg DR, de la CA. Common SNP in pre-miR-146a decreasesmmature miR expression and predisposes to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105(20): 7269-74. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802682105

Hurst DR, Edmonds MD, Scott GK, Benz CC, Vaidya KS, Welch DR. Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 up-regulates miR-146, which suppresses breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res 2009; 69(4): 1279-83. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3559

Bhaumik D, Scott GK, Schokrpur S, Patil CK, Campisi J, Benz CC. Expression of microRNA-146 suppresses NF-kappaB activity with reduction of metastatic potential in breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2008; 27(42): 5643-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2008.171

McClellan S, Slamecka J, Howze P, Thompson L, Finan M, Rocconi R, et al. mRNA detection in living cells: A next generation cancer stem cell identification technique. Methods 2015; 82: 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.04.022

Amatya VJ, Mawas AS, Kushitani K, Mohi El-Din MM, Takeshima Y. Differential microRNA expression profiling of mesothelioma and expression analysis of miR-1 and miR-214 in mesothelioma. Int J Oncol 2016; 48(4): 1599-607. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3358

• PDF