Isolation of Chamuangone, a Cytotoxic Compound against Leishmania major and Cancer Cells from Garcinia cowa Leaves and its HPLC Quantitative Determination Method

• A. Sakunpak

  Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

• K. Matsunami

  Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University; 1–2–3 Kasumi, Minamiku, Hiroshima 734–8553, Japan

• H. Otsuka

  Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University; 1–2–3 Kasumi, Minamiku, Hiroshima 734–8553, Japan

• P. Panichayupakaranant

  Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

On the basis of a leishmanicidal assay-guided isolation, chamuangone was purified from Garcinia cowaleaves together with four inactive compounds; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D-glyceropentaric acid,2-deoxy-3-C-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-lactone,5-ethyl ester; isoorientin-6"-O-rhamnoside; and dulcinoside. Chamuangone possessed a cytotoxic activity against Leishmania major with an IC50 value of 10.7 μM, and also exhibited strong inhibitory activity against lung adenocarcinoma (SBC3 and A549) and leukemia (K562, and K562/ADM) cells with IC50 values of 6.5, 7.5, 3.8, and 2.2 μM, respectively. The HPLC method utilised a TSK-gel ODS-80Tm column with the mixture of acetonitrileand 2% phosphoric acid in water (97:3, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection at 245 nm. The parameters of linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the method were evaluated. The recoveries of the method were 100.4-101.6% and good linearity (r2≥ 0.9999) was obtained. A high degree of specificity, sensitivity and precision were also achieved.

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